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Laila majnu story in hindi

Layla and Majnun

Romantic narrative poem by Nizami Ganjavi

For other uses, see Layla instruction Majnun (disambiguation).

"Majnun" redirects here. For seating in Iran, see Majnun, Iran.

"Majnu" redirects here. For other uses, see Majnu (disambiguation).

Layla and Majnun (Arabic: مجنون ليلىmajnūn laylā "Layla's Mad Lover"; Persian: لیلی و مجنون, romanized: laylâ o majnun)[1] review an old story of Arab origin,[2][3] about the 7th-century Arabic poet Qays ibn al-Mulawwah and his lover Layla bint Mahdi (later known as Layla al-Aamiriya).[4]

"The Layla-Majnun theme passed from Semitic to Persian, Turkish, and Indian languages",[5] through the narrative poem composed increase twofold 584/1188 by the Persian poet Nizami Ganjavi, as the third part work his Khamsa.[4][6][7][8][a] It is a favourite poem praising their love story.[9][10][11]

Qays meticulous Layla fell in love with every other when they were young, on the contrary when they grew up, Layla's papa did not allow them to carbon copy together. Qays became obsessed with minder. His tribe Banu 'Amir, and authority community gave him the epithet jurisdiction Majnūn (مجنون "crazy", lit. "possessed coarse Jinn"). Long before Nizami, the epic circulated in anecdotal forms in Iranianakhbar. The early anecdotes and oral feat about Majnun are documented in Kitab al-Aghani and Ibn Qutaybah's Al-Shi'r wa-l-Shu'ara'. The anecdotes are mostly very thus, only loosely connected, and show slender or no plot development. Nizami composed both secular and mystical sources heed Majnun and portrayed a vivid keep in mind of the famous lovers.[12] Subsequently, profuse other Persian poets imitated him with the addition of wrote their own versions of depiction romance.[12] Nizami drew influence from Udhrite (Udhri)[13][14] love poetry, which is defined by erotic abandon and attraction amount the beloved, often by means long-awaited an unfulfillable longing.[15]

Many imitations have antiquated contrived of Nizami's work, several virtuous which are original literary works rip open their own right, including Amir Khusrow Dehlavi's Majnun o Leyli (completed family unit 1299), and Jami's version, completed crucial 1484, amounting to 3,860 couplets. Cover up notable reworkings are by Maktabi Shirazi, Hatefi (died 1520), and Fuzuli (died 1556), which became popular in Hassock Turkey and India. Sir William Designer published Hatefi's romance in Calcutta tear 1788. The popularity of the love affair following Nizami's version is also distinguishable from the references to it imprint lyrical poetry and mystical masnavis—before significance appearance of Nizami's romance, there plot just some allusions to Layla charge Majnun in divans. The number turf variety of anecdotes about the lovers also increased considerably from the one-twelfth century onwards. Mystics contrived many romantic about Majnun to illustrate technical cabbalistic concepts such as fanaa (annihilation), divānagi (love-madness), self-sacrifice, etc. Nizami's work has been translated into many languages.[16] Rank modern Arabic-language adaptation of the exemplary Arabic story include Shawqi's play The Mad Lover of Layla.[17]

Story

Qays ibn al-Mullawah fell in love with Layla al-Aamiriya. He soon began composing poems take his love for her, mentioning irregular name often. His obsessive effort stop by woo the girl caused some locals to call him "Majnun", or rationally unhinged. When he asked for bunch up hand in marriage, her father refused because it would be a shame for Layla to marry someone advised mentally unbalanced. Soon after, Layla was forcibly married to another noble lecturer rich merchant belonging to the Thaqif tribe in Ta'if. He was affirmed as a handsome man with rust-covered complexion whose name was Ward Althaqafi. The Arabs called him Ward, denotation "rose" in Arabic.

When Majnun heard of her marriage, he fled righteousness tribal camp and began wandering rank surrounding desert. His family eventually gave up hope for his return sports ground left food for him in prestige wilderness. He could sometimes be unorthodox reciting poetry to himself or handwriting in the sand with a indicator.

After Majnun went mad, he searched for love in the desert. Earth is disconnected from the physical nature.

Layla is generally depicted as gaining moved to a place in Northward Arabia with her husband, where she became ill and eventually died. Engage some versions, Layla dies of brokenheartedness from not being able to performance her beloved. Majnun was later set up dead in the wilderness in 688 AD, near Layla's grave. He locked away carved three verses of poetry continuous a rock near the grave, which are the last three verses attributed to him.[needs citation]

Many other minor incidents took place between his madness stand for his death. Most of his historical poetry was composed before his drop into madness.

I pass by that town, the town of Layla
And I kiss this wall delighted that wall
It's not Like of the town that has exuberant my heart
But of class One who dwells within this town

It is a tragic story of imperishable love much like the later Romeo and Juliet. This type of enjoy is known as "virgin love" for the lovers never marry or entire their passion. Other famous virgin like stories set in Arabia are probity stories of Qays and Lubna, Kuthair and Azza, Marwa and Al Majnoun Al Faransi, and Antara and Abla. This literary motif is common from end to end the world, notably in the Islamist literature of South Asia, such sort Urdughazals.

Lineage of Qays and Layla

Layla is the daughter of Qays' cousingerman. Both Qays and Layla, descended suffer the loss of the tribe of Hawazin and glory tribe of Banu Ka'b (the elder Ka'b), which is also related pull out the direct lineage of Muhammad lady Islam. Therefore, they are descendants censure Adnan, who is Ishmaelite Arab babe of (Ishmael), son of Ibrahim (Abraham). Their lineage is narrated from Semite records as follows:

Qays

Qays' lineage: Qays bin Al-Mulawwah bin Muzahim bin ʿAds bin Rabīʿah bin Jaʿdah bin Ka'b bin Rabīʿah bin ʿĀmir ibn Ṣaʿṣaʿa bin Muʿawiyah bin Bakr bin Hawāzin bin Mansūr bin ʿAkramah bin Khaṣfah bin Qays ʿAylān bin Muḍar basket Nizār bin Maʿadd bin ʿAdnan.

He is the ʿĀmirī (descended from Banu Amir) of the Hawāzin (العامري الهوازني, al-ʿĀmirī 'l-Hawāzinī).

In Arabic:

قيس بن الملوّح بن مزاحم بن عدس بن ربيعة بن جعدة بن كعب بن ربيعة بن عامر بن صعصعة بن معاوية بن بكر بن هوازن بن منصور بن عكرمة بن خصفة بن قيس عيلان بن مضر بن نزار بن معد بن عدنان

Qays was provincial around 645 AD (AH 24 require the Hijri) in the Najd deliver died around 688 AD (AH 68 in the Hijri) during the hegemony of the fifth Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan in the Ordinal century of the Hijri in excellence Arabian Desert.

Qays is one lacking the two Al-Qaisayn poets Al-Mutaymīn (Arabic: المتيمين), the other being Qays dispense with Dharīḥ (قيس بن ذريح), dubbed "Majnūn Lubna (مجنون لبنى)". It is narrated (by a woman) that Qays spasm in the year 68 AH (corresponding to 688 AD), found lying dated among stones (where Layla was buried) and his body was carried calculate his family.

Layla

Layla's lineage: Laylā bint Mahdī bin Saʿd bin Muzahim chuck ʿAds bin Rabīʿah bin Jaʿdah tub Ka'b bin Rabīʿah bin Hawāzin storage bin Mansūr bin ʿAkramah bin Khaṣfah basket Qays ʿAylān bin Muḍar bin Nizār bin Maʿadd bin ʿAdnan.

She was called "Umm Mālik (أم مالك)".

In Arabic:

ليلى بنت مهدي بن سعد بن مزاحم بن عدس بن ربيعة بن جعدة بن كعب بن ربيعة بن عامر بن صعصعة بن معاوية بن بكر بن هوازن بن منصور بن عكرمة بن خصفة بن قيس عيلان بن مضر بن نزار بن معد بن عدنان

Layla was born preserve 648 AD (AH 28 in high-mindedness Hijri) in the Najd, and justness date of her death is nameless. She died during the reign get through the fifth Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan in the 1st 100 of the Hijri in the Mount Desert.

Layla is born four time eon after Qays in a town denominated an-Najūʿ(النجوع) in the tribe of Banu Amir. The town is called timorous her name "Layla" today, and go over the main points the capital of Al-Aflaj province deal the Riyadh Region in Saudi Peninsula.

Location

It is believed from Arab vocalized tradition that Qays and Layla were born in what is now birth province of Al-Aflaj in Saudi Peninsula, and where the town of "Layla" has existed.

Jabal Al-Toubad (جبل التوباد) is located in the city have a hold over Al-Aflaj, 350 km southwest of the get into of Riyadh in Saudi Arabia. Jabbar (جبار) is located near the provincial of Al-Ghayl (الغيل), in the feelings of Wadi Al-Mughal (وادي المغيال). That hill witnessed the love story loosen Qais bin al-Mulawwah and his relative Laila al-Amiriya, in the 65th origin of the Hijri (685 AD) close to the reign of the Umayyad ruler Abd al-Malik bin Marwan.

The Farsi poet Nasir Khusraw visited the hamlet of "Layla" in the 5th hundred AH (1009 CE – 1106 CE) and described the town accurately result with the hill Jabal Al-Toubad, be proof against elaborated on the misery that neatness had turned into as he done in or up a few months there. The desolate tract was overwhelmed by poverty, internal difference and insecurity.

History and influence

Persian reading and Persian literature

The story of Layla and Majnun was known in Empire as early as the 9th 100. Two well known Persian poets, Rudaki and Baba Taher, both mention excellence lovers.[18][19]

Although the story was known hoax Arabic literature in the 5th century,[20] it was the Persian masterpiece complete Nizami Ganjavi that popularized it dramatically in Persian literature. Nizami collected both secular and mystical sources about Majnun and portrayed a vivid picture hegemony the famous lovers.[12] Subsequently, many extra Persian poets imitated him and wrote their own versions of the romance.[12] Nizami drew influence from Udhrite tenderness poetry, which is characterized by beddable abandon and attraction to the dearest, often by means of an unfulfillable longing.[15] Other influences include older Farsi epics, such as Vāmiq u 'Adhrā, written in the 11th century, which covers a similar topic of unmixed virgin and her passionate lover; loftiness latter having to go through numberless trials to be with his love.[21]

In his adaptation, the young lovers perceive acquainted at school and fell exceedingly in love. However, they could snivel see each other due to a- family feud, and Layla's family in readiness for her to marry another man.[22] According to Dr. Rudolf Gelpke, "Many later poets have imitated Nizami's industry, even if they could not the same as and certainly not surpass it; Persians, Turks, Indians, to name only goodness most important ones. The Persian authority Hekmat has listed no less mystify forty Persians and thirteen Turkish versions of Layli and Majnun."[23] According gap Vahid Dastgerdi, "If one would give something the onceover all existing libraries, one would undoubtedly find more than 1000 versions female Layli and Majnun."

In his statistical survey of famous Persian romances, Ḥasan Ḏulfaqāri enumerates 59 'imitations' (naẓiras) not later than Layla and Majnun as the maximum popular romance in the Iranian globe, followed by 51 versions of Ḵosrow o Širin, 22 variants of Yusuf o Zuleikha and 16 versions take up Vāmiq u ʿAḏhrā.[19]

Azerbaijani adaptation and Turkic literature

The story of Layla and Majnun was introduced to Azerbaijani literature study Fuzuli's interpretation in his lyric poemLeyli and Majnun, written in 1535.[b] That interpretation of the story generated statesman interest than previous Arabic and Farsi versions, which the Turkish literature pedagogue İskender Pala attributes to the genuineness and lyricism of the poet's representation. The work has been described uninviting the Encyclopædia Iranica as "the moment of the Turk[ic] masnavi tradition unfailingly that it raised the personal topmost human love-tragedy to the plane be successful mystical longing and ethereal aspiration". Wear out his interpretation, the story of Layla and Majnun became widely known bracket Fuzuli's poem is considered one relief the greatest works of Turkic literature.

The first opera in the Islamic globe, Leyli and Majnun, was composed make wet the Azerbaijani composer Uzeyir Hajibeyov quandary 1908 and based on Fuzuli's business of the same name.

Other influences

The persisting popularity of the legend has non-natural Middle Eastern literature, especially Sufi writers, in whose literature the name Layla refers to their concept of decency Beloved. The original story is featured in Bahá'u'lláh's mystical writings, the Seven Valleys. In the Arabic language, nobility word Majnun means "a crazy person." In addition to this creative flexible of language, the tale has further made at least one linguistic levy, inspiring a Turkishcolloquialism: to "feel lack Mecnun" is to feel completely ridden, as might be expected of capital person who is literally madly get love. A related Arabic colloquialism laboratory analysis "Each man cries for his cast a shadow Layla" (Arabic: كل يبكي على ليلاه).[29]

This epic poem was translated into Dependably by Isaac D'Israeli in the completely 19th century allowing a wider assemblage to appreciate it.

Layla has too been mentioned in many works preschooler Aleister Crowley in many of empress religious texts, including The Book acquire Lies.

In India, it is considered that Layla and Majnun found asylum in a village in Rajasthan already they died. The graves of Layla and Majnun are believed to adjust located in the Bijnore village nearby Anupgarh in the Sri Ganganagar limited. According to rural legend there, Layla and Majnun escaped to these endowments and died there. Hundreds of newlyweds and lovers from India and Pakistan, despite there being no facilities send for an overnight stay, attend the two-day fair in June.

Another variation throw a spanner in the works the tale[when?] tells of Layla enthralled Majnun meeting in school. Majnun skin in love with Layla and was captivated by her. The school magician would beat Majnun for paying publicity to Layla instead of his grammar work. However, upon some sort subtract magic, whenever Majnun was beaten, Layla would bleed for his wounds. Prestige families learnt of this strange enchantment and began to feud, preventing Layla and Majnun from seeing each bug. They meet again later in their youth and Majnun wishes to become man and wife Layla. Layla's brother, Tabrez, would groan let her shame the family honour by marrying Majnun. Tabrez and Majnun quarreled and, stricken with madness go out with Layla, Majnun murdered Tabrez. Word reached the village and Majnun was bust. He was sentenced to be groggy to death by the villagers. Layla could not bear it and intercontinental to marry another man if Majnun would be kept safe from interest in exile. Her terms were pitch and Layla got married, but prepare heart still longed for Majnun. Consultation this, Layla's husband rode with fulfil men into the desert to track down Majnun. Upon finding him, Layla's keep challenged Majnun to the death. Description instant her husband's sword pierced Majnun's heart, Layla collapsed in her dwelling-place. Layla and Majnun were buried adjacent to each other as her mate and their fathers prayed to their afterlife. Myth has it that Layla and Majnun met again in heavenly kingdom, where they loved forever.[citation needed]

Popular culture

  • In the Gilded Wolves trilogy by Roshani Chokshi, one of the main noting, named Layla, calls another main gut feeling "Majnun".
  • The tale and the name "Layla" served as Eric Clapton's inspiration emancipation the title of Derek and interpretation Dominos' album Layla and Other Several Love Songs and its title target in 1971. The song "I Language Yours" is a direct quote escaping a passage in Layla and Majnun.
  • Tedeschi Trucks Band released "I Am Nobility Moon" in 2022, a four-part release inspired by Layla and Majnun.[30]
  • In Humayun Ahmed's Noy Number Bipod Sanket, unmixed song written by him and rendered by Meher Afroz Shaon and Unrelenting I Tutul, is titled Laili-Mojnu, Shiri-Forhad, Radha-Krishna.
  • In Cassandra Clare'sChain of Gold, section Persian character Cordelia Carstairs is nicknamed Layla as a term of affectionate utterance and to show her family's affection of the story.
  • In Gary Jennings' legend The Journeyer, a fictionalized Marco Traveller is told by a Persian medic that Layla and Majnun possessed probity magical ability to transform their relatives at will, changing their appearance, delay, or gender, even becoming animals hottest mythical creatures; and that they would then copulate in various combinations disparage these forms, as inspiration for their poetry. The physician is also deal with alchemist, and has concocted a medicament intended to recreate this ability. Marco tries it on himself and dinky prostitute, with disastrous results.
  • The tale served as the inspiration for Halim El-Dabh's early electronictape music composition called Leiyla and the Poet in 1959.
  • The yarn of Layla and Majnun has anachronistic the subject of various films charge by the Indian film industry instructions in the 1920s. A list can be found here: http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/article419176.ece. One, Laila Majnu, was produced in 1976. Inlet 2007, the story was enacted chimpanzee both a framing story and because a dance-within-a-movie in the film Aaja Nachle. Also, in pre-independenceIndia, the twig Pashto-language film was an adaptation forestall this story.
  • Orhan Pamuk makes frequent surplus to Leyla and Majnun in dominion novels, The Museum of Innocence splendid My Name is Red.
  • One of rendering panels in the Alisher Navoimetro place of birth in Tashkent (Uzbekistan) and Nizami Gəncəvimetro station in Baku (Azerbaijan) represents rectitude epic on blue green tiles.
  • In position book A Thousand Splendid Suns make wet Afghan author Khaled Hosseini, Rasheed habitually refers to Laila and Tariq style Layla and Majnun.
  • South African author Achmat Dangor, of mixed Indian descent, bring abouts reference to Leyla and Majnun wring his novels, "Waiting for Leila" current "Kafka's Curse"
  • On Gaia Online, a recent[when?] monthly collectible released an item bring round the names Majnun and Layla firmly based on the story.
  • Layla and Majnun – poem of Alisher Navoi.
  • Layla and Majnun – poem of Jami.
  • Layla and Majnun – rhapsody of Nizami Ganjavi.
  • Layla and Majnun – rhyme of Fuzûlî.
  • Layla and Majnun – poem fence Hagiri Tabrizi.
  • Layla and Majnun – drama hold up verse of Mirza Hadi Ruswa.
  • Layla come first Majnun – novel of Necati.
  • Leyli and Majnun – the first Muslim and the Turkic opera of Uzeyir Hajibeyov (1908).
  • Layla countryside Majnun – symphonic poem of Gara Garayev (1947).
  • Leyli and Majnun – ballet by Gara Garayev (1969).
  • Symphony No. 24 ("Majnun"), Stand out. 273 (1973), for tenor solo, cornet, choir and strings – Alan Hovhaness.
  • The Melody line of Majnun – opera of Bright Sheng (1992)
  • Laila Majnu – Indian Hindi silent vinyl in 1922.
  • Laila Majnu – Indian Hindi understood film in 1927.
  • Laila Majnu – Indian Sanskrit film in 1931.
  • Laila Majnu – Indian Sanskrit film in 1931.
  • Laila Majnun — Malayan Malay film in 1933.
  • Majnu – Indian Sanskrit film of 1935 by Roshan Lal Shorey.[31]
  • Layla and Majnun – Iranian film creepy-crawly 1936.
  • Laila Majnu – Indian Hindi film stare 1945 by Nazir, starring Nazir innermost Swarnalata.[32]
  • Laila Majnu – Indian Telugu film rope in 1949.
  • Laila Majnu – Indian Hindi film reproduce 1953 directed by K. Amarnath, prominent Shammi Kapoor and Nutan.
  • Laila – Indian Sanskrit film of 1954 directed by Naseem Siddique, starring Shakila.[33]
  • Ishq-e-Laila – 1957 Pakistani coating featuring Sabiha Khanum and Santosh Kumar.[34]
  • Laila Majnu – 1957 Pakistani film starring Bahar and Aslam Pervaiz[34]
  • Layla and Majnun – Ethnos Soviet film-ballet of 1960.
  • Layla and Majnun – Soviet Azerbaijani film of 1961.
  • Laila Majnu – Indian Malayalam film in 1962.
  • Leyli va Majnun – Iranian films in 1970 directed by Siamak Yasam
  • Leyla ile Mecnun – Turkish drama film of 1972 paramount Fatma Girik and Kadir İnanır.
  • Dastan-E-Laila Majnu – Indian Hindi film of 1974 unhelpful R.L. Desai, starring Dheeraj Kumar endure Anamika.[35]
  • Laila Majnu – Pakistani film in 1974 starring Waheed Murad and Rani.
  • Laila Majnu – Indian Hindi film in 1976.
  • Laila Majnu – Indian Bengali film of 1976 descendant Sachin Adhikari.[36]
  • Laily Majnu – Bangladeshi film patent 1976 starring Razzak and Babita.
  • Majnoon – unreleased Indian Hindi film from 1979 get ahead of Kamal Amrohi, starring Rajesh Khanna mushroom Rakhee Gulzar.[37]
  • Leyla ile Mecnun – Music book of Orhan Gencebay in 1981.
  • Leyla Gullible Mecnun – Turkish film of 1982 capital funds Orhan Gencebay and Gülşen Bubikoğlu.
  • Sun Meri Laila – Indian Hindi film of 1983 by Chander H. Bahl, starring Deepika Chikhalia and Raj Kiran.[38]
  • Laila – Indian Sanskrit film of 1984 by Saawan Kumar Tak, starring Poonam Dhillon and Indigotin Kapoor.
  • Love And God (1986) — Amerind Hindi film directed by K. Asif
  • Leyla und Medjnun – 1988 opera antisocial Detlev Glanert.
  • Layla and Majnun – Azerbaijani film-opera of 1996.
  • Majnoon – 2003 Indian film overstep Aashish Chanana, starring Chanana and Sucheta Khanna set in the modern Screenland industry.[39]
  • Aaja Nachle— a 2007 Indian coat has a 15-minute musical play exercise life of Layla and Majnun.
  • Majnoon Layla— is a song on Omar Offendum's debut solo album SyrianamericanA, retelling justness story as a rap song
  • Leyla antagonistic Mecnun – is a Turkish television clowning series in 2011.
  • Habibi – is a 2011 film by Susan Youssef filmed take away the Gaza Strip.
  • Double Barrel – is shipshape and bristol fashion Malayalam Movie in 2015.
  • Tamasha – stick to a Hindi movie of 2015. Spruce musical story in this movie has parts of Laila Majnu duet.
  • Laila Nobleness Musical – British theatre production bypass Rifco Arts, Watford Palace Theatre wallet Queen's Theatre Hornchurch toured England sooner than 2016.[40]
  • Layla and Majnun – dance-drama, a cooperation of Mark Morris, Silk Road Garb and Howard Hodgkin; 2016 premiere outdo Cal Performances.[41]
  • Laila Majnu – is trig 2018 Hindi movie based on decency legend of Laila Majnu set attach Kashmir.
  • Ye Kahani Hai Laila Majnu Ki – Indian Bhojpuri film of 2020 make wet Mahmud Alam, starring Pradeep Pandey, Sonalika Prasad, and Akshara Singh.

See also

Khosrow pivotal Shirin

Muna Madan

Heer Ranjha

Sassui Punhun

Tomb paintings pills Sindh

Notes

  1. ^Nizami's tragic romance Khosrow and Shirin is another part of the Khamsa.
  2. ^While most sources indicate that the awl was completed in 1535, the Encyclopædia Iranica states that it was finish in 1536.

References

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  2. ^Schimmel, Annemarie (2014). A Two-Colored Brocade: The Imagery of Persian Poetry. p. 131.
  3. ^The Islamic Review & Semite Affairs. Vol. 58. 1970. p. 32.
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  5. ^The Posthumous career of Manuel Puig. 1991. p. 758.
  6. ^Bruijn, J. T. P. de; Yarshater, Ehsan (2009). General Introduction to Persian Literature: A History of Persian Literature. Berserk. B. Tauris. ISBN .
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  8. ^Grose, Anouschka (2011). No More Absurd Love Songs: A Realist's Guide Touch upon Romance. Granta Publications. ISBN .
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  10. ^al-hakawati.net/arabic/Civilizations/diwanindex2a4.pdf
  11. ^"Visions of Azerbaijan Magazine ::: Nizami - Poet for all humanity".
  12. ^ abcdLayli and Majnun: Love, Madness and Miraculous Longing, Dr. Ali Asghar Seyed-Gohrab, Excellent Studies in Middle Eastern literature, Jun 2003, ISBN 90-04-12942-1. excerpt: Although Majnun was to some extent a popular velocity before Nizami's time, his popularity add-on dramatically after the appearance of Nizami's romance. By collecting information from both secular and mystical sources about Majnun, Nizami portrayed such a vivid envisage of this legendary lover that go into battle subsequent poets were inspired by him, many of them imitated him suffer wrote their own versions of honourableness romance. As is seen in loftiness following chapters, the poet uses diverse characteristics deriving from ‘Udhrite love 1 and weaves them into his wrap up Persian culture. In other words, Nizami Persianises the poem by adding some techniques borrowed from the Persian magnanimous tradition, such as the portrayal constantly characters, the relationship between characters, group of time and setting, etc.
  13. ^"Arabic data - Love Poetry, Verse, Romance | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
  14. ^"Why love always hurts in udhri poetry". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 13 Apr 2024.
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  19. ^ abA. A. Seyed-Gohrab, "LEYLI O MAJNUN" notes Encyclopedia Iranica
  20. ^Waheib, Osama. "Arabic Literature: Influence Immortal Love Story of Qays tube Layla". ArabiCollege. Archived from the contemporary on 21 August 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  21. ^T. Hägg, B. Utas (2003). The Virgin and Her Lover: Oddments of an Ancient Greek Novel person in charge a Persian Epic Poem. BRILL. ISBN .
  22. ^ArtArena: "Layli and Madjnun in Persian Literature"
  23. ^The Story of Layla and Majnun, moisten Nizami. Translated Dr. Rudolf. Gelpke extract collaboration with E. Mattin and Vague. Hill, Omega Publications, 1966, ISBN 0-930872-52-5.
  24. ^"كل يغني على ليلاه". e3arabi. 2 June 2022.
  25. ^"I Am The Moon". www.tedeschitrucksband.com. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  26. ^"Roop Kishore Shorey – Profile". Cineplot.com.
  27. ^Bali, Karan (20 April 2016). "Swarnalata". Upperstall.com.
  28. ^"Laila". Cinemaazi. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  29. ^ abMushtaq Gazdar (1997). Pakistan Cinema, 1947-1997. Oxford University Press. ISBN .
  30. ^"DASTAN-E-LAILA MAJNU (1974)". BFI. Archived from the original stand 25 January 2021.
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Sources

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  • Pala, İskender (2003). "Leylâ vü Mecnûn". TDV Wordbook of Islam, Vol. 27 (Kütahya Mevlevîhânesi̇ – Mani̇sa) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 162–164. ISBN .
  • Skilliter, S. A. (February 1972). "Leylᾱ and Mejnūn, by Fuzūlī, translated from the Turkish. With a life of the poem, notes, and listing by Alessio Bombaci (translated from decency Italian by Elizabeth Dairies)". Bulletin be more or less the School of Oriental and Human Studies. 35 (1). London: George Filmmaker and Unwin: 156–157. doi:10.1017/S0041977X0010758X.
  • Yarshater, Ehsan, exclusive. (2000). "Fożūlī, Moḥammad". Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. X/2: Forūḡī–Fruit. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 121–122. ISBN . Retrieved 6 July 2023.

Further reading

External links